October 7
1542 – Explorer
Cabrillo discovers
Santa Catalina Island off of the California coast.
1691 – The English royal charter for the
Province of Massachusetts Bay is issued.
1763 –
King George III of the United Kingdom issues the
Royal Proclamation of 1763, closing aboriginal lands in North America north and west of the
Alleghenies to white settlements.
1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Americans defeat the British in the Second Battle of Saratoga, also known as the
Battle of Bemis Heights.
1780 – American Revolutionary War:
Battle of Kings Mountain: American Patriot militia defeat Loyalist irregulars led by British major
Patrick Ferguson in South Carolina. [Ferguson was extremely confident in his position on top of King's Mountain. He is reported to have said he was on King's Mountain, that he was king of that mountain, and that God Almighty could not drive him from it. Apparently, he was right. He's still there today. He was shot out of his saddle, dragged by his horse, at least six other Patriots fired into his body (which was found with 8 bullet holes in it), was stripped of his clothing, and urinated upon, before being buried in an ox hide near where he fell.]
1800 – French corsair
Robert Surcouf, commander of the 18-gun ship La Confiance, captures the British 38-gun Kent inspiring the traditional French song
Le Trente-et-un du mois d'août.
1826 – The
Granite Railway begins operations as the first chartered railway in the U.S.
1864 – American Civil War:
Bahia incident:
USS Wachusett illegally captures the
CSS Florida Confederate raider while in port in Bahia, Brazil in violation of Brazilian neutrality.
1868 –
Cornell University holds opening day ceremonies; initial student enrollment is 412, the highest at any American university to that date.
1916 – Georgia Tech defeats Cumberland University 222–0 in
the most lopsided college football game in American history.
1919 –
KLM, the flag carrier of the Netherlands, is founded. It is the oldest airline still operating under its original name.
1940 – World War II: The
McCollum memo proposes bringing the United States into the war in Europe by provoking the Japanese to attack the United States.
1955 – American poet
Allen Ginsberg performs his poem
Howl for the first time at the
Six Gallery in San Francisco.
1959 – U.S.S.R. probe
Luna 3 transmits the first ever photographs of
the far side of the Moon.
1985 – The
MS Achille Lauro is hijacked by
Palestine Liberation Front.
1985 – The
Mameyes landslide kills close to 300 in the worst landslide in North American history.
1988 – An
Iñupiat hunter discovers three gray whales trapped under the ice in
Barrow, Alaska, US; the situation becomes
a multinational effort to free the whales.
1993 – The
flood of '93 ends at St. Louis, Missouri,
103 days after it began, as the Mississippi River falls below flood stage.
1996 – The
Fox News Channel begins broadcasting.
1998 –
Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, is found tied to a fence after being savagely beaten by two young adults in Laramie, Wyoming.
2001 – The
Global War on Terrorism begins as a result of
the September 11 attacks. The
U.S. invasion of Afghanistan initiates with an air assault and covert operations on the ground.
2008 –
Asteroid 2008 TC3 impacts the Earth over Sudan.
Births
1728 – Caesar Rodney; 1849 – James Whitcomb Riley; 1870 – Uncle Dave Macon♪ ♫; 1885 – Niels Bohr; 1897 – Elijah Muhammad; 1900 – Heinrich Himmler; 1905 – Andy Devine; 1911 – Vaughn Monroe♪ ♫; 1917 – June Allyson; 1927 – Al Martino♪ ♫(
The Godfather); 1929 – Graeme Ferguson (co-founded the IMAX Corporation); 1942 – Joy Behar; 1943 – Oliver North; 1945 – Kevin Godley

(10cc, Godley & Creme); 1949 - David Hope

(Kansas); 1951 – John Mellencamp♪ ♫; 1952 – Vladimir Putin (rascal); 1953 – Tico Torres

(Bon Jovi); 1955 – Yo-Yo Ma; 1959 –
Dylan Baker; 1959 – Simon Cowell (British asshole); 1967 – Toni Braxton♪ ♫

; 1968 – Thom Yorke♪ ♫(Radiohead); 1975 – Tim Minchin "Atticus Fetch' on
Californication); 1976 – Taylor Hicks♪ ♫(American Idol winner season #5); 1986 – Bree Olson (porn actress, Penthouse Pet)
Deaths
1780 – Patrick Ferguson; 1849 – Edgar Allan Poe; 1894 – Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.; 1950 – Willis Haviland Carrier (invented modern a/c); 1956 – Clarence Birdseye (founder of the modern frozen food industry); 1959 – Mario Lanza♪ ♫