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I read about a study performed in Africa which demonstrated that if one of the animals in a herd were painted so as to look different from all the others, it was a guarantee that a predator would seek it out over all the other members of the herd. The author of the study was seeking to explain herding behaviour and, apparently, its chief benefit is to confuse prey when all members of a herd bolt in a different direction when a predator approaches.
The predator, however, would never veer from the painted animal and the odds of a kill increased greatly as a result of the increased focus of the predator (on the lone different prey).
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