The protection of the Constitution does not just apply to constitutionally guaranteed rights, as you argue.
Right now the Supreme Court Justices are hearing the case to decide the very issue of this thread.
If it were as simple as dhamsaic suggests, this case would not have reached the appeal to the Supreme Court.
This is the law which may apply to make such random drug testing in schools illegal, on the grounds that it may be either "unreasonable" or without "probable cause" as applied to the facts of the case before the Supreme Court:
Quote:
Amendment IV
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
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The Supreme Court will not dismiss the Constitution as quickly as you may think. The Judicial branch is there to uphold the Constitution if the face of laws, regulations and deliberate actions of government, however expedient, that may prohibited by the Constitution. Let's see what they decide in this case. A ruling is expected this summer ...