Quote:
Originally Posted by Happy Monkey
(Post 691108)
I actually wouldn't be surprised if industrialized nations actually had higher breastfeeding rates, thanks to the immorality of the formula industry and the relative advertising naïveté of the third world.
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I'd think that would be a very recent reversal then. The whole babyfood industry began life in the industrialised world. They had a huge impact on parenting patterns in Britain, Europe and America. I remember my mum telling me that when she was growing up, powdered babymilk was seen as a healthier option: it was 'scientifically' balanced :P
There's a massive legacy from that. Rates of breastfeeding in inner-city areas are often shockingly low. The area I represent in council, is mainly white working-class and suffers from all the problems of a deprived area with high unemployment. Breastfeeding rates there are slowly coming up, but only because the local health trust and the council have been working together to promote it and outreach new young mums.
Think about what we give out little girls to play with: baby dolls, with little milkbottles. And think about how long we have been doing that as a society. Breastfeeding has always been culturally problematic. Wealthy medieval ladies gave their babies to a paid wetnurse to suckle. It was seen as entirely inappropriate for them to feed their children themselves.
The craze for the 'natural' in the 18th century made it terribly fashionable for a while for ladies to breastfeed.
During the 19th and 20th centuries the 'scientific' approach took over, first off giving us the scientifically sanctioned need to breastfeed; then by giving us the scientically sanctioned need to feed them a more balanced diet than women's bodies could provide, then finally to a scientific imperative to breastfeed.
Unfortunately the weight of years against breastfeeding in recent history still outweighs the that for it: even if the science is stronger.
Truth is 'breasts' have always been cultural and political signifiers. From the taxonomical studies of breastsize conducted during the 18th century voyages of Captain Cook and his ilk, in which the size and shape of women's breasts were employed as a measure of a race's evolutionary stage; to the legal ban on showing them in public; and to the moral outrage applied by society to each successive generation of women because they were or because they were not breastfeeding.
Few things in a society's development are as politicised as what makes a 'mother' and what makes a 'father'. Breastfeeding is one of those central issues of motherhood. Revolutionary ideology, conservative rhetoric, feminist perspectives, paternalistic proscriptions: all have at various historical juncures been mapped onto the woman's maternal role and in particuar the feeding of her child. From the 18th Century 'Mothers of the Nation' to depictions of nations through a female figure; with cartoonists and polemicists employing the image of the nursing mother to comment on everything from internal political strife, to international relations.